Financing Critical Minerals but Failing Critical Safeguards: Are banks and investors doing enough to ensure the energy transition is fair for all?

Laplane, Juliette; Boev, Pavel; Rajeevan, Chithira; Stravens, Manon; Warmerdam, Ward

dc.contributor.author	Laplane, Juliette
dc.contributor.author	Boev, Pavel
dc.contributor.author	Rajeevan, Chithira
dc.contributor.author	Stravens, Manon
dc.contributor.author	Warmerdam, Ward
dc.date.accessioned	2025-11-10T14:06:27Z
dc.date.available	2025-11-10T14:06:27Z
dc.date.issued	2025-11-17
dc.identifier.doi	10.21201/2025.000098
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10546/621763
dc.description	<html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <p>As the world seeks to transition towards cleaner forms of energy in response to climate change, the pressure to extract more critical minerals such as cobalt, copper, lithium, nickel and graphite has surged. These minerals are vital to sectors like energy, digital tech, healthcare, defense, and space, yet their supply chains are complex and fragile. The projected demand growth for critical minerals will put even more pressure on the environment and society, as severe negative impacts associated with mining are not sufficiently addressed.<br /> <br /> Companies that produce or rely on critical minerals in their value chains play a vital role in the transition to a low-carbon economy. While this transition should be accelerated, it is crucial to ensure that these companies protect the environment and respect human rights, and avoid exacerbating existing inequalities or creating new ones, thereby contributing to a truly just energy transition.<br /> <br /> Drawing on case studies from Brazil, Peru, Mozambique and DRC this research highlights the serious environmental and social issues associated with critical mineral production and highlights the urgent need for stronger safeguards and accountability in mineral production. It targets EU-based financiers and policymakers, focusing on five strategic minerals essential for batteries, EVs, and renewables. The analysis also considers the EU’s overall regulatory approach to the entire critical and strategic raw materials (CRM and SRM) market and proposes improvements for regulatory and policy solutions moving forward.</p> </body> </html>	en_US
dc.format.extent	164	en_US
dc.language.iso	English	en_US
dc.publisher	Fair Finance International	en_US
dc.publisher	Oxfam	en_US
dc.publisher	11.11.11	en_US
dc.publisher	Profundo	en_US
dc.relation.url	http://policy-practice.oxfam.org.uk/publications/financing-critical-minerals-but-failing-critical-safeguards-are-banks-and-inves-621763
dc.subject	Economics	en_US
dc.subject	Natural resources	en_US
dc.subject	Private sector	en_US
dc.subject	Rights	en_US
dc.title	Financing Critical Minerals but Failing Critical Safeguards: Are banks and investors doing enough to ensure the energy transition is fair for all?	en_US
dc.type	Research report	en_US
oxfam.signoff.status	For public use. Can be shared outside Oxfam	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	Brazil	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	The Democratic Republic of Congo	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	France	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	Germany	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	Mozambique	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	Netherlands	en_US
oxfam.subject.country	Peru	en_US
oxfam.subject.keyword	Banks	en_US
oxfam.subject.keyword	Investors	en_US
oxfam.subject.keyword	Mining	en_US
oxfam.subject.keyword	Critical minerals	en_US